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Mark Carlisle, Baron Carlisle of Bucklow QC DL PC (7 July 1929 –14 July 2005) was a Conservative British politician and was Member of Parliament (MP) for Runcorn 1964-1983 and Warrington South 1983-1987. Created a life peer in November 1987, he served as Secretary of State for Education and Science from 1979 until 1981. Mark Carlisle's father was a Manchester cotton merchant, and his parents were in Montevideo, Uruguay when he was born. He was educated at Radley College in Abingdon, Oxfordshire and the University of Manchester. He was Chairman of the university's Conservative association, and Federation of university Conservatives in 1953. In 1957 he was vice-chairman of North-West Young Conservatives.〔http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1494318/Lord-Carlisle-of-Bucklow.html〕 He was admitted Gray's Inn, was called to the bar, and made QC in 1971. == Political career == Carlisle was an unsuccessful Conservative candidate at the 1958 St Helens by-election, and lost again in the subsequent General Election. He married a cornishwoman Sandra des Voeux. They had a daughter. He was eventually selected for a rural and suburban became an MP in 1964 in the Cheshire constituency of Runcorn. He was a liberal Tory from the start, voting for the abolition of capital punishment in 1964. Tall, affable and easy-going, he was a more relaxed in Heath's party than later under the first lady Prime Minister.〔http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1494318/Lord-Carlisle-of-Bucklow.html〕 He disliked her abrasive manner, and according to the Daily Telegraph "was unhappy as Education secretary". He represented legal and penal policy on the party's 1922 committee. Carlisle was on the board of NACRO for many years and an experienced voice on the Home Office Advisory Council 1966-70. His reasoning was revealed in a Commons speech made twenty years later on 1 April 1987: There are strong moral objections to the death penalty and to the state taking life. I do not suggest that those objections are by any means absolute. I accept and realise that the state has a responsibility to secure the safety of society. However, I believe that the moral objections to the state taking life mean that the burden of proof for the restoration of capital punishment must rest on those who claim that it is right and necessary to take life. I believe that they can do that only if they can show that the death penalty is a unique deterrent.〔http://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=1987-04-01a.1115.3&s=speaker%3A16896#g1179.0〕 He was Under-Secretary of State for Home Affairs from 1970-1972 when he became a Minister of State for Home Affairs. Carlisle steered the government Criminal Justice bill through, and warned the prison establishments to improve institutional discipline. The Conservatives went out of office in 1974, but the Labour government retained his services on the Franks Immigration committee, as he was actively practising as a QC. During the 1970s he lived in Dolphin Square. Carlisle was a Heathite moderate on issues of public expenditure and European integration. But when Mrs Thatcher's team were scouting around the party for allies to form a potential government she alighted on those the Centre Forward Group with other aristocratic Tories. Carlisle was invited by Francis Pym to join. He was appointed Shadow Secretary of State for Education and Science in 1978 before being appointed to the department itself when Margaret Thatcher was elected in May 1979. Former Labour Cabinet Minister Clare Short has said that it was her low opinion of Carlisle, who she worked under as a civil servant persuaded her to enter elected politics herself because she believed she "could do better" than many of the MPs she dealt with. A liberal traditionalist, Carlisle created the Assisted Places Scheme, which enabled very bright working-class children gain a free place at some of Britain's top public schools. The success of the scheme angered Labour opponents. Moreover as Education Secretary he removed subsidised meals at school dinners on advice that they were not being taken up. What proved the undoing of this cabinet "wet" was a promise of Maintenance Grant funding to local education. Carlisle fell foul of the Prime Minister's economic strategy. In his first budget Geoffrey Howe retained education funding for two years, but by 1981 deeper cuts had been passed. He resisted a total of £1 bn in cuts, but when pushed by the Prime Minister to accept cuts to free school transport, he was forced to back down.〔http://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jul/21/guardianobituaries.conservatives〕 Mrs Thatcher wrote in her memoirs that Carlisle "had not proved a particularly effective Education Secretary" and to this effect he was dismissed in the September 1981 Cabinet reshuffle. However he left with ‘courteousness and good humour', which was in contrast to Sir Ian Gilmour who having left the cabinet in the same reshuffle, stormed out of Downing Street, announcing that government policy was "heading for the rocks". Boundary changes meant that Carlisle appeared to change seats at the 1983 general election but in fact areas to the south of Warrington had previously been part of the Runcorn seat. He remained an MP until 14 May 1987. On his resignation Bill Cash MP remarked " he has done a great service to his office,"〔http://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=1987-05-14a.433.3&s=speaker%3A16896#g435.0〕 at a time when prison policy was hardening, with a requirement for longer sentences from Criminal Justice Acts. He was instrumental in amending a justice bill reforming suspended sentences for youth offenders, who had been treated as adults. He resisted unnecessary amendments leading to the accumulation of executive power over the Court of Appeal. Sales of crossbows were restricted in scope and markets under a prohibitory act. He took a strong line against unlawful immigration. Later the same year he was elevated to the House of Lords as Baron Carlisle of Bucklow, of Mobberley in the County of Cheshire where he sat as a Conservative life peer. His brother, Captain Edmund Carlisle (b.1923- ) was also educated at Radley, and RMA Sandhurst. His sons and grandsons were also educated at the school. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mark Carlisle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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